Plumb, level, degree-finder, and surveyor&#39;s instrument.



, y M. HASTINGS. PLUMB, LEVEL, DEGREE FINDER, AN-D SURVEYORS INSTRUMENT.

I APPLIGAEION FILED vAUG. 28,-1908.'

Patented Apr. 27, 1909.

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MAYME HASTINGS, OF FRESNQCALIFORNIA.

PLUME, LEVEL, DEGREE-FINDER, AND SURVEYORS INSTRUMENT.

v Specification of Letters Patent.A

Patented April 27, 1909.

Application filed August 28, 1908. Serial No. 450,689.

To all whom 'it may con-cern:-

Be it known that I, MAYMEHASTINGS, a citizen lof the United States,residing at Fresno, in the county of Fresno and State ol California,have invented new and' useful Improvements in Plumbs, LevelsLDegree-Finders, and Surveyors Instruments, of

which the following is a speciiication.

This invention relates to an'instrument designed for'use by mechanics,builders and the like, whereby building or boundary lines can be easilyand' conveniently obtained and which can be used las a level, plumb,rule and as a degree finder.

The invention has for one of its objects to rovidei an instrument 'ofthe character reierred to which is compact and practically formed andreadily manipulated and reliable iii use.

Another' object of the invention is the pro vision of an instrumenthaving two dials or Y hands for obtaining horizontal, perpendicular'ported on or other lines accurately and quickly, the observations beingmade by either dia-i and hand, the instrument also being provided withsight devices and a compass.

With these objects in view and others, as will appear as the descriptionproceeds, the invention comprises the various novel fea tures ofconstruction and arrangement of parts which will be more :fullydescribed ereinafter and set forth with particularity in the a pendedclaims.

In t e accom anying drawing, which illustrates one of t e embodiments ofthe in-y vention :,-Figure 1 is a pers ective view of the instrumentwith the sight evices in place for use in surveying. Fig. 2 is a panvien7 of the central portion of the instrument, /shoW- ing the compass.Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the end of the instrument, showin thepocket for holding the sight devices. ig. 4 is a central verticaltransverse section showing the dials and index hands;

Similar reference characters are employed to' designate correspondingligures in the several views.

Referring'to the draWin A designates the` body of the instrument'w ichis in thp forkrlri` n t e.

of a straight bar flat on all sides. center o the-body is a transverseopening 1 formed with annular shoulders or seats 2 against which arepositioned the dials 3 which are rovided with degree marks. Su

Ilioth dials'is a central arbor e, t e ends of which nroiect beyond thedials and carrying hands 5 that are each weighted at one end so as toalways maintain a perpen- .dicular position. Over the hands are glass ortransparent lates 6 spaced from the hands and dials y rings 7. Disposedover both sides of the body A at the central porv tion thereof are metalplates 8 having openings 9 or less diameter than the glass plates 6 soas to engage the portions of the latter to retain them in place, theretaining` plates being `provided with flanges 10 extending over the topand bottom of the body A for firmly securing the retaining plates inposition, By means of either dial and hand, horizontal, perpendicular orinclined lilies can be accurately determined by the relation of the handwith the degree marks. the bod A when the latten is made of Wood or theli e are protected by metal pieces 11 as shown in Figs. 1 and 3.

In order to adapt the instrument foruse in surveying a pair of sightdevices IB are einployedeach being mounted on a stem 12 that screws intothreaded sockets 13 in the top of thc body A adjacent the ends thereof,therebeing a collar 14 on the stem that bears on the top face of thebody 8 to hold the sight device stationary. When not in use thesedevices are stored in a chamber 15 in one end of the body A whichchamber is normally closed by a door or slide 16. In the top ianges 10of the retaining plates 8 is formed an opening 17 that registers withland displays a compass 18 set into the body A and when not in use, thiscompass is protected by a cover 19. This compass is employed fordetermining the angles between building or boundary lines in thesurveying operation.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with theaccompanying drawing, the advantages of the construction and of the Theend corners of method oi' o eration will be readily apparent to thoseSkil ed in the art to which the lnven- 1. Aninstrument of the classdescribed comprising a stock having an opening extending from one sideto the other, dials selos cured in the openings and having central apr l.housing consisting of side plates having ertures, an ar weighted handssecured tozthe extremities of the arbore, and rotatable over the dials,transparent cover plates disposed in the openlngs, and a metal housingextending entirely around the stock to .form a retaining means for thecover plates, said housing having openings in its side through which thehands and dials are exposed, and means for securing the vhousing inplace on the stock.

2. An instrument of the class described comprising a stock having anopening, shoulders in the opening, dials disposed in the opening andbearing on the shoulders, spacing devices bearing on the outer faces oi'the dials and extending around the marginal portion thereof, transparentcover plates disposed inthe opening and bearing agalnst the spacingdevices, and a inet-al housing extendmg around the. stock Ato forni aretaining means for the cover plates and dluls, said o1' mounted in theapertures,

openings through which the dials and hands are exposed and havingportions extendin over the top and bottoni of the stock, an i'asteningsextending` through the parts of the housing for securing the same -tothe stock.

3. An instrument of the class described comprising a stock rovided withan opening, a plumb and leve device in the opening, cover plates for theopening, a housing extending around the stock and constituting aretainer -for the cover plates, said housing having un openingr in itstop, a compass '-set into 4the stock'and exposed through the top openingol' the housing, and a cover attached to the housing for protecting thecompass.

ln testimony whereof I alli; my signature in presence of two witnesses.

MAYME HASTINGS.'

vWitnesses: MARGARET S. HAsTINGs, JAMES HAsTINGs.

